Voltage reference architectures for low-supply-voltage low-power applications

This paper presents a voltage reference generator architecture and two different realizations of it that have been fabricated within a standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The architecture takes the advantage of utilizing a sampled-data amplifier (SDA) to optimize the power consumption. The circuits achieve output voltages on the order of 190 mV with temperature coefficients of 43 ppm/°C and 52.5 ppm/°C over the temperature range of 0 to 120°C without any trimming with a 0.8 V single supply. The power consumptions of the circuits are less then 500 nW while occupying an area of 0.2 mm² and 0.08 mm², respectively.     

基于网络环境的计算机资料室工作

随着信息技术的迅速发展,基于网络的信息资源共享已成为信息化社会的基本特征。数字化图书馆和电子期刊网的出现,正在改变着人们的阅读习惯,丰富的信息资源和跨时空的浏览方式彻底颠覆了传统的图书馆、资料室的服务模式。同时,数字化图书馆也给资料室管理模式创新带来了新的契机。分析了院系资料室面临的挑战与机遇,探讨了新形势下计算机资料室工作,提出了利用信息技术,改革服务方式,拓展服务内容,提高服务水平,提供有特色的专业服务。     

一个新的极小谱任意符号模式

设A是-n／阶符号模式．若给定任意一个n次首一实系数多项式厂（A）,都存在一个实矩阵B∈Q（A）,使得B的特征多项式为f（λ）,则称A为谱任意符号模式．如果一个谱任意符号模式的任意非零元被零取代后所得到的符号模式不是谱任意,那么这个谱任意符号模式称为极小谱任意符号模式．作者在文中给出了一个新的极小谱任意符号模式．     

Coordinate descent with arbitrary sampling I: algorithms and complexity†

We study the problem of minimizing the sum of a smooth convex function and a convex block-separable regularizer and propose a new randomized coordinate descent method, which we call ALPHA. Our method at every iteration updates a random subset of coordinates, following an arbitrary distribution. No coordinate descent methods capable to handle an arbitrary sampling have been studied in the literature before for this problem. ALPHA is a very flexible algorithm: in special cases, it reduces to deterministic and randomized methods such as gradient descent, coordinate descent, parallel coordinate descent and distributed coordinate descent—both in nonaccelerated and accelerated variants. The variants with arbitrary (or importance) sampling are new. We provide a complexity analysis of ALPHA, from which we deduce as a direct corollary complexity bounds for its many variants, all matching or improving best known bounds.     

基于LabVIEW的虚拟任意信号发生器设计

为了解决传统的专用仪器开发难度大、周期长、成本高的问题,提出并实现了采用虚拟仪器技术实现的任意信号发生器,不但降低了开发成本,节省了开发时间,并且可以和其他虚拟仪器构成一个完整的实验系统而无需添加其他硬件产生信号输出供其他仪器使用.主要利用LabVIEW编程,在计算机内产生信号的数据,通过D/A模块将产生的数据按照一定的速率输出,从而得到连续的模拟信号波形.用户可以通过此虚拟任意信号发生器自己编辑波形,从而在真正意义上实现任意波形发生器功能.     

C++语言编程技术分析

阐述了C++语言与C语言的关系,以及C++编程技术的基础,对C++最为突出的程序设计功能类和对象进行分析,给出了C++语言编程的有关技巧.     

科技论文参考文献著录的规范表达

依据ＧＢ７７１４－８７《文后参考文献著录规则》,对３９０篇来稿所引用的参考文献进行统计,分析了几种不规范的著录方式,并给出正确的表达方法,可为科技论文写作者及科技期刊编缉提供参考。     

科技期刊参考文献著录规则

以“文后参考文献著录规则”国家标准ＧＢ７７１４－８７为依据,对书刊中常用的“顺序编码制”和“著者 出版年制”两种著录方法分别进行了综述,并给出了实例．     

Stress integration and mesh refinement for large deformation in geomechanics

This paper first discusses alternative stress integration schemes in numerical solutions to large‐ deformation problems in hardening materials. Three common numerical methods, i.e. the total‐Lagrangian (TL), the updated‐Lagrangian (UL) and the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods, are discussed. The UL and the ALE methods are further complicated with three different stress integration schemes. The objectivity of these schemes is discussed. The ALE method presented in this paper is based on the operator‐split technique where the analysis is carried out in two steps; an UL step followed by an Eulerian step. This paper also introduces a new method for mesh refinement in the ALE method. Using the known displacements at domain boundaries and material interfaces as prescribed displacements, the problem is re‐analysed by assuming linear elasticity and the deformed mesh resulting from such an analysis is then used as the new mesh in the second step of the ALE method. It is shown that this repeated elastic analysis is actually more efficient than mesh generation and it can be used for general cases regardless of problem dimension and problem topology. The relative performance of the TL, UL and ALE methods is investigated through the analyses of some classic geotechnical problems. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An extended finite element formulation for contact in multi‐material arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian calculations

Multi‐material Eulerian and arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian methods were originally developed for solving hypervelocity impact problems, but they are attractive for solving a broad range of problems having large deformations, the evolution of new free surfaces, and chemical reactions. The contact, separation, and slip between two surfaces have traditionally been addressed by the mixture theory, however the accuracy of this approach is severely limited. To improve the accuracy, an extended finite element formulation is developed and example calculations are presented. As a side benefit, the mixture theory is eliminated from the multi‐material formulation, eliminating the issues associated with the equilibration time between adjacent materials. By design, the new formulation is relatively simple to implement in existing multi‐material codes, parallelizes without difficulty, and has a low memory burden. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.